Flying machine



was. 10. 1925. 1,526,219

. O. R. JOHNSON FLYING MACHINE Filed March 19, '1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 a @I a Y ":1

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INVENTOR BY ATTORgEYkL z z FGb.

b. R. JOAHNSQN.

mum mourns Ftled'blarch 19, 1923 4 sheets -sheet 2 INVENTOR ATTORN Patented Feb. 10, 1925.

UNITED STATES OLIVER R. JOHNSO'N, OF JOHNSON CITY, NEW YORK;

FLYING MACHINE.

Application filed March 19, 1923. Serial No. 626.145.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, OLIVER It. JOHNSON,

a citizen of the United States, residing at.

Johnson City, in the county of Broome and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Flying Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in flying machines and it has for its object to provide an easily operated simple and effective mechanism and utilizing the principle of revolving planes as to motive power.

In my device, I have two or more parallel shafts on which are mounted the planes; the shafts geared to each other so that one rotates in a clockwise direction and the other in a counterclockwisedirection, as shown in Fig. 4. The left being counterclockwise and the right clockwise, also utilizing the principle; whereby the planes are mounted in such a manner with a respect to their supporting frame A and are geared in such relation, that the angle of the surfaces are always 90 degrees apart, so that when one is vertical, the other is horizontal and they are also so mounted that their concave sides have their opening in the direction of rotation. 1 I

With this explanation and with these and other objects in view, my invention consists in certain novel features of construction and arrangements of parts as will be hereinafter more particularly described and pointed out in the claims; reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a side view of my device.

Fig. 2 is an end view of my device.

Fig. 3 is a plan View of my device.

Fig. 4 is a side view of a modification of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of thesame.

Fig. 6 is a side View of part of my device.

Fig. 7 is a plan view of part of my device.

Thesame reference characters denote like parts in each of the several figures of the drawings.

In carrying out my invention, I provide in a more simple form of mechanism, a frame A, on which I mount two parallel shafts 8.8 and on each of which shafts are the planes an, 6.5 and 0.0 and 05.01 respectively, each plane is divided by the axis into twov parts as m etc. The plane structure consists of the frame 4, rectangu lar inform, having the interior vertical end 5, and V shaped sides 6.6 and the narrow end 7. Over the frame structure is stretched a covering of silk or other suit able form of covering, oil coated or otherwise, protected from moisture. The interior end structures are divided by the pivotal axes .8. The parallel axes 8.8 may be mounted on a frame A or may be supported in any other convenient manner. Mounted on the end of each of the parallel axes 8.8, in the modification shown in Figs. 4 and 5, I have the gears 9.9 meshed into each other and on the outer end of shaft 8, I have the pulley 10 mounted on any convenient source of power, I have the pulley 11 and between which pulleys 10 and 11,I have a connecting belt or chain 11. Thus mounted and connected, the power being applied, the gear 9 and with it plane a.,a and 0,0, 011 the gear shaft revolve in a counterclockwise direction, the gear 9 and with it planes 6,5 and (Id, mounted on the gear axis revolve in a clockwise direction with the concave surfaces of the planes havtheir'open surface in the direction of rotatlon.

In a more elaborated form of my device, I provide a car body structure B; mounted on either side of the same, I have two upright supports 12.12 and 12.12. On each side, between the supports 12.12, I have the side cross supports 13.13 and between the supports 12.12, I have the cross end shaft supports 14.14 and lengthwise between the supports 14.14, I have the longitudinal supports 15.15 and 15.15; mounted between the supports 14.14, I have the shaft 16; mounted in the centerof the car 13 in any convenient position and connecting with any convenient source of power, I have the vertical power shaft 17 on top of which I have the bevel gear 18 and mounted on shaft 16, I have the bevel gears 19 and 20, the gear 19 meshing into the gear 18. Mounted on the longitudinal supports 15.15, I have the gear shaft 21 and mounted on the supports 1515, I have the gear shaft 21. On the ends of shaft 21, I have mounted the bevel gears 22.22 and on the endsv of shaft 21', I have mounted the bevel gears 23.23;

on the outer ends of cross shaft 14.14, I have mounted the plane axis or shafts 8 and 8. On plane shaft 8, I have mounted the bevel gear 24. The gears 22 and 23 mesh into gear 20 and the gear 22 meshes into gear 24 and the gear 23" meshes into gear 24.

Mounted on the axis 8, I have the planes an and 0.0 respectively and on axis 8, I have the planes 1?) and (ill respectively, ready for operation. Application of the power to the vertical shaft 17, causes the gear 18 to revolve, which causes gear 19 to revolve, turning shaft 16, which turns gear 20, which gear 20 meshing into 22 and causes shaft 21 and 21 to revolve, causing gears 22 and 23 to revolve and meshing in with 24 and 24 respectively, turns shafts 8 and 8 and with them the planes are, bl), 0.0 and old. The revolution of the planes geared as before described; an and 0.0 revolve in a counterclockwise movement to the left and the planes 6.!) and (id revolve ina clockwise movement to the right; the concave surface of the planes also having their open surface in the direction of revolution. In this action tl c lifting power of the wings in revolution are arranged as before described and present less resistance in the up-st-roke as compared with the lifting power of the down-stroke in a ratio of 2 to 1.

It is to be noted that the eight revolving planes thus arranged revolve thru three equal spaces, the central space and the exterior spaces, as 1, 2 and 3. The exterior spaces 1 and 3 are covered by the downward action and the space 2 by the upward action of the planes. In the arrangement of the planes I have two distinct sets of planes with four planes in each set and with two planes of each set located at right angles with the two planes of the opposite set, at all times; the diagonally positioned planes from each other within the frame being at the same angle in relation to each other at all times. In rotating, the planes in the downward movement, pass thru the exterior spaces as before mentioned, while in the upward movement, the planes pass thru the central space, which in area is one-half of the surface space of the exterior spaces combined; thereby presenting only one-half the resistance on an upward stroke as compared wit-h the lifting power of the downward stroke. The concave surface of the plane striking on the air, it has a tendency to create a vacuum center and lifting power; the lifting power being developed on the downward stroke. The diametrical opposite planes are in the same position at all times, giving the device a balanced action. The driving power being under the center of the revolving planes; the forward or backward movement can be controlled by the moving or adjusting of the weight under the plane center and as well a side movement by the adjustment of the center weight.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and for which I desire Letters Patent is asfollows:

1.. In a flying machine, a body portion having a rectangular frame work mounted thereon, a motor mounted in the body portion, two parallel longitudinal rotating shafts mounted across the frame work, two rotating wings mounted on each of said shafts positioned at right angles to each other, and axilarily divided by the shaft line into two sectional planes, each of the rotating planes on said shaft having an opposite concave surface to the surface of the other plane on said shaft, gear connection between the two shafts, driving connection between said gears and the motor as a means for rotating said wings in opposite directions.

2. in a flying machine, the combination with a frame, mounted on a body portion, with a motor mounted in said body, of a plurality of parallel rotating shafts horizontally mounted across said frame work, axilarily divided rotating wings mounted on said shafts, each divided portion being a plane having a concave surface in a rotative position, opposite to that of the other divided portion, gears mounted on the ends of said shafts, rotating means connecting the gears with the motor, the gears being positioned to rotate the shafts in opposite directions.

3. In a flying machine, the combination with a body portion surmounted by a rectangular framework, of two or more parallel shafts mounted across the framework, akilarily divided planes mounted upon said shafts adjacent to each other, each plane division having oppositely positioned concave surfaces; gears mounted on said shafts so positioned that one shaft rotates in a clockwise direction and the other shaft in a counterclockwise direction, means mounted on said shafts connecting with a motor in said body portion for rotating said shafts.

e. In a flying machine, the combination of a body portion, a rectangular framework mounted thereon, parallel side-shafts mounted across said framework, gear connection between said side shafts and a motor within the body portion, two rotating wings mounted on each shaft, axilarily divided into two planes, and each wing axilarily positioned at right angles to the other, and each plane having an oppositely positioned concave surface to the oppositeplane, and each concave surface of said planes having its open face in the direction of rotation, gear connection between said shafts, and rotating means connecting said shafts with a motor in the body port-ion supporting said framework, adapted to rotate said shafts in opposite directions.

5. In a flying machine, the combination of a. body portion, a rectangular framework mounted thereon,two rotatable shafts spaced apart mounted across said framework, each shaft having mounted thereon two planes, axilarily at right angles to those of the other shaft, each plane axilarily divided into two concave surfaces, opening in opposite directions, there being a clearance space between said shafts, gear connection between the shafts, and rotating means connecting said shafts, and rotating means connecting said shafts with the source of power, adapted to rotate one shaft and its planes in a clockwise direction and to rotate the other shaft and its planes in a counterclockwise direction, in which rotation the planes pass upward through the clearance space between the shafts, the concave surface opening in upward alinement between the shafts, and in rotation the concave surface opening in downward alinement on the opposite sides of said shafts.

6. In a flying machine, the combination of a body portion, surmounted by a rectangular framework, two parallel rotation shafts spaced apart mounted across said framework, each shaft having two wing planes at right angles tothose of the other shaft, there being a clearance space between said shafts for rotative plane movement, each wing plane being axilarily divided into two equal rectangular oppositely disposed concave surfaces, gear connection between the shafts and rota-ting means connecting said shafts with the source of power mounted within the body portion, adapted to rotate one shaft and its planes in clockwise direction and to rotate the other shaft and its planes in counterclockwise direction, the open concave surface of the planes being in the direction of rotation, in which movement the axilarily divided plane sections of one shaft interdigitate with the aXil-arily divided plane sections of the opposite shaft, the sections alternately passing upward through the space between the shafts, and downward on the opposite sides of said shafts. i

7. In a flying machine, the combination of a body portion, surmounted by a rectangular framework, two parallel rotation shafts, mounted on the upper side of said framework, each shaft having mounted thereon two winged planes, one plane at each end of the shaft, and each plane being at right angles to the plane on the opposite shaft, there being a clearance space between said shafts, each wing plane being axilarily divided into two rectangular equal oppositely disposed concave surfaces, gear connection between the shafts and a rotating means connecting said shafts with the source of power mounted within the body portion and adapted to rotate one shaftand its planes in a clockwise direction, and to rotate the other shaft and its planes in a counterclockwise direction, the open concave surface of the planes being positioned in the direction of rotation, and in which rotation the axilarily divided plane sections of one shaft interdigitate with the axially divided plane sections of the opposite shaft, and alternately passupward through the clearance space between the shafts, and

downward on the opposite side of said shafts.

In testimony whereof 1 have aflixed my signature.

OLIVER R. JOHNSON. 

